Pharmacognosy - II Theory Syllabus

BPH-206: PHARMACOGNOSY-II

THEORY

Max. Marks: 80                                                                      Total Hours: 50 (2hrs/week)
Note: Examiner to set eight questions and the candidates are required to attempt any five.

• Phytochemical screening (3)

i. Preparation of extracts.
ii. Screening for alkaloids, saponins, sterols, cardenolides, bufadenolides, flavonoids and leucoanthocya-nidins, tannins and polyphenols, anthraquinones, cyanogenetic glycosides, amino acids in plant extract.

• Study of the biological sources, cultivation, collection, commercial verities, chemical constituents, subs-tituents, adulterants used, diagnostic microscopic and macroscopic features and specific chemical tests of following group of drugs containing glycosides: (11)

i. Saponins: liquorice, ginseng, dioscorea, sarsaparilla and senega.
ii. Cardio-active sterols: digitalis, squill, strophanthus and thevetia.
iii. Anthraquinones cathartics: aloe, senna, rhubarb and cascara.
iv. Others: Psoralea, ammi, gentian, saffron, chirata, quassia

• Study of tannins and tannin containing drugs like gambir, black catechu, gall, and myrobalan. (3)
• Studies of traditional drugs, common vernacular names, botanical sources, morphology, chemical nature of chief constituents, pharmacology, categories and common uses and marketed formulations of follow-ing indigenous drugs:

Amla, Kantkari, Satavari, Tylophora, Bhilava, Kalajira, Bach, Rasna, Punarnava, Chitrak, Apamarg, Gokhru, Shankhpushpi, Gaduchi, Brahmi, Adusa, Arjuna, Ashoka, Methi, Lehsun, Palash, Guggal, Gymnema, Shilajit, Nagarmotha and Neem. (8)

• Holistic concepts of Drugs administration in traditional systems of medicine. Introduction to ayurvedic preparations like arishtas, asavas, gutikas, tailas, churnas, lehas and bhasmas. (3)
• Systematic study of source, cultivation, collection, processing, commercial varities, chemical constituents, substitutes, adulterants, uses, diagnostic macroscopic and microscopic features and specific chemical tests of following alkaloid containing drugs: (13)

i. Pyridine-piperidine: tobacco, areca and lobelia.
ii. Tropane: belladonna, hyoscymous, datura, duboisia, coca and withania.
iii. Quinoline and isoquinoline : Cinchona, ipecac, opium.
iv. Indole: ergot, rauwolfia, catharanthus, nux-vomica and physostigma.
v. Imidazoles: pilocarpus.
vi. Steroidal: vertrum, kuruchi.
vii. Alkaloidal amines: ephedra and colchicum.
viii. Glycoalkaloids: solanum.
ix. Purines: Coffee, tea and cola.

• Biological sources, preparation, identification test and uses of the following enzymes: Diastase, papain, pepsin, trypsin and pancreatin. (2)
• Study of fibers used in pharmacy such as cotton, silk, wool, polyester and asbestos. (2)
• Plant bitters and sweeteners. (1)
• World wide trade in plant and plant derived products with special reference to dioscoreas (Diosgenin), Digitalis. Tropane alkaloid contaning plants. Carica papaya Rauwolfia, Cinchona (quinine and quinidine). Ipeacac (emetine) Glycyrchiza, Gineng, plants containing laxatives and valerine. (4)

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