BPH-204: PHARMACEUTICS – IV (PHARMACEUTICAL MICROBIOLOGY) THEORY
Note: Examiner to set eight questions and the candidates are required to attempt any five.
1.Introduction to the science of microbiology. Major divisions of microbial world and relationship among them.(2)
2.Nutritional requirements, growth and cultivation of bacteria and virus. Study of different important media required for the growth of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria & fungi. Differential media, enriched media and selective media, maintenance of lab cultures.(5)
3.Different methods used in isolation and identification of bacteria with emphasis to different staining techniques and biochemical reactions. Counting of bacteria -Total and Viable counting techniques.(6)
4.Detailed study of different methods of sterilization including their merits and demerits. Sterilization methods for all pharmaceutical products. Detailed study of sterility testing of different pharmaceutical preparations.(7)
5.Disinfectants- Study of disinfectants, antiseptics, fungicidal and virucidal agents factors affecting their activation and mechanism of action. Evaluation of bactericidal, bacteristatic, virucidal activities, evaluation of preservatives in pharmaceutical preparations.(5)
6.Microbial culture sensitivity testing: Interpretation of results, Principles and methods of different microbiological assays, microbiological assay of Penicillin, Streptomycin and vitamin B2 and B12. Standardization of vaccines and sera.(6)
7.Fermentation and its design, control of different parameters in fermentation process, Use of mutagenic agents, Isolation of mutants, factors influencing rate of mutation, Preparation and isolation of fermentation products with special reference to penicillins, streptomycins, tetracyclines, alcohol, citric acid and vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin).(11)
8.Immunology: General introduction, infection, factors influencing infection, kinds of immunity, vaccines (i.e. Tetanus vaccine, Diphtheria vaccine, BCG vaccine), virus immunity, official viral vaccines(small pox vaccine, rabies vaccine, yellow fever vaccine, influenza vaccine, poliomyelitis vaccine, measles vaccine, typhus vaccine), toxoids (FT, TAF, APT, PTAP), diagnostic preparation, sera, antitoxins(i.e. Diphtheria antitoxins, Botulinum, Gas gangrene, Staphylococcus and Tetanus antitoxins) Brief control of immunological products-identification tests, toxicity tests, sterility tests, potency tests and storage of immunological products.(08)
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