BPH-303: PHARMACEUTICS –VII
(PHYSICAL PHARMACY)
THEORY
Max. Marks: 80 Total Hours: 50 (2hrs/week)Note: Examiner to set eight questions and the candidates are required to attempt any five.
1.Micromeretic and Powder Rheology: Applications of micromeritics in pharmacy, particle size and distribution, average particle size, number and weight distribution, particle number, method of determining particle volume, optical microscopy, sieving, sedimentation, measurement, particle shape, specific surface, methods of determining surface area, permeability, adsorption, derived properties of powders, porosity, packing arrangement, densities, bulkiness, flow properties and compression properties.(7)
2.Surface and Interfacial Phenomenon: Liquid interface, surface and interfacial tensions, surface free energy, measurement of surface and interfacial tensions, spreading coefficient, adsorption at liquid interfaces, surface active agents and its applications, HLB classification, solubilisation, detergency, adsorption at solid interfaces, solid gas and solid-liquid interfaces, wetting phenomena, electric properties of interface.(7)
3.Viscosity and Rheology: Newtonian systems, laws of flow, kinematic viscosity, effect of temperature, Non Newtonian systems, pseudoplastic, dilatent, plastic, thixotropy, thixotropy in formulation, determination of viscosity. Single point and multipoint, capillary, falling ball, rotational viscometers.(6)
4.Dispersion system
i. Colloidal dispersions: Definition, types, optical, electrical and kinetic properties of colloids, protective colloidal action, purification of colloidal dispersions, applications of colloid in pharmacy.(7)
ii. Suspensions and Emulsions: Interfacial properties of suspended particles, settling in suspensions, theory of sedimentation, effect of Brownian movement, sedimentation of flocculated particles, sedimentation parameters, wetting of particles, controlled flocculation, flocculation in structured vehicles, rheological considerations. Emulsions: types, theories and physical stability. Application of HLB in emulsions, physical mechanisms behind micro-emulsions.(6)
5.Complexation and protein binding: Classification of complexes, method of preparation and analysis, kinetics of protein binding, applications of complexation and protein binding in pharmacy.(6)
6.Kinetics and drug stability: Half-life determination, physical degradation of pharmaceutical products, chemical decomposition of drugs, influence of temperature, light, solvent, catalytic species on drug decomposition, accelerated stability study, storage conditions.(6)
7.Buffers: Buffer equation and buffer capacity in general, buffer in pharmaceutical systems- preparation, stability, buffered isotonic solutions, measurement of tonicity, methods of adjusting isotonicity.(5)
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